The body will create a discussion forum for representatives of Nagorno-Karabakh and Azerbaijan to discuss the situation, according to Swiss public broadcaster SRF.
Azerbaijan forcibly conquered the Karabakh region in the autumn of 2023. According to common understanding, Nagorno-Karabakh belongs to Azerbaijan under international law. However, the region was primarily inhabited by Armenians and controlled by Armenia for decades.
After the successful conquest, the Azerbaijani army expelled the Armenian population from Nagorno-Karabakh. Almost 150,000 people were forced to flee to Armenia. Some human rights organizations speak of “ethnic cleansing.”
The International Court of Justice had already demanded that Azerbaijan allow the displaced Armenians to return.
Parliamentarians in Bern have now formed a committee calling for a Swiss peace initiative for Nagorno-Karabakh. They want Switzerland to work to ensure that the displaced Armenians can return to their homeland.
Swiss OSCE presidency
The committee enjoys broad political support. The House of Representatives and the Senate has already passed a motion for such a commitment to the displaced Armenians, which the government opposed.
Organizing a peace conference without an explicit request from the conflicting parties could be counterproductive, the Federal Council warned.
At the same time, the foreign ministry says Switzerland is ready to promote dialogue between Azerbaijan and Armenia, if both sides so desire. Furthermore, Switzerland has called for displaced Armenians to be given the opportunity to return safely to Nagorno-Karabakh.
Switzerland will hold the OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe) presidency in 2026. This framework may offer some opportunities to address the issue of the Karabakh refugees.
But it remains difficult to pressure Azerbaijan into making concessions. This economically and geostrategically important state is governed by an authoritarian regime and is well-equipped militarily.
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